Story Telling with Data using Python

September 17, 2025
Joe Wu, PhD (BTEP)

This class will introduce users to some useful data wrangling features of Python package Pandas. Using the Center for Disease Control's (CDC) National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) data, participants will see how Pandas will enable telling of stories and extraction of insights from data.

"The National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) is a web-based platform designed to support reporting to CDC by local, state, and territorial health departments in the United States of all waterborne disease outbreaks and enteric disease outbreaks transmitted by food, contact with environmental sources, infected persons or animals, or unknown modes of transmission." -- CDC

Questions to answer from CDC NORS dataset

There is a lot of information in the CDC NORS dataset for scientists to explore but this class will apply Python data wrangling techniques to answer the following.

Which state had the highest illnesses?
For the state with the highest number of reported illnesses, the following will be answered.
- Which year had the highest illnesses, what caused it and how was it contracted?
- What is the most common etiology causing illness and how is it transmitted?
- Is there a trend in illnesses reported over the years?

Learning objectives

After this class participants will:

Have obtained concrete understanding of how data wrangling can be used to extract insight from data.
Be able to perform data wrangling tasks such as importing tables, subsetting, and mathematical operations to draw conclusions from a dataset.

Skills learned

Import tabular data.
View the structure of tabular data including dimensions, variables, and data types.
Sort by variable.
Group by variable.
Perform mathematical operation.
Subset.
Create visualization.

# Importing packages

import pandas ## For data wrangling
import numpy  ## For numeric operation
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  ## For data visualization
import seaborn ## For data visualization

Below the read_csv function of Pandas will be used to import the NORS data stored in the file NORS_20250805.csv into the work environment.

Skill learned!

Import of tabular data using Pandas.

# Import the CDC NORS dataset saved as NORS_20250805.csv

nors=pandas.read_csv("NORS_20250805.csv", low_memory=False)

Note

Pandas can import and write to other formats of tabular data including tab delimited and Excel. For more information see the Pandas section on input and output.

Getting to Know the Structure of Data

The code below will use the .info() attribute of the data frame nors to find out what variables are in the NORS dataset.

Note

In Pandas, attributes can be appended to the data frame to view information or perform certain task. This the convenient part of Python programming.

The results of .info() indicates that NORS data has 19 columns (variables) and 66,713 rows (observations). Variables include year, month, and state where an outbreak was documented. The source of the outbreak is also available.

Skill learned!

Understanding the structure of a dataset.

nors.info()

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 66713 entries, 0 to 66712
Data columns (total 19 columns):
 #   Column                        Non-Null Count  Dtype  
---  ------                        --------------  -----  
 0   Year                          66713 non-null  int64  
 1   Month                         66713 non-null  int64  
 2   State                         66713 non-null  object 
 3   Primary Mode                  66713 non-null  object 
 4   Etiology                      50375 non-null  object 
 5   Serotype or Genotype          16470 non-null  object 
 6   Etiology Status               50375 non-null  object 
 7   Setting                       60804 non-null  object 
 8   Illnesses                     66713 non-null  int64  
 9   Hospitalizations              58155 non-null  float64
 10  Info On Hospitalizations      58480 non-null  float64
 11  Deaths                        58785 non-null  float64
 12  Info On Deaths                58463 non-null  float64
 13  Food Vehicle                  12446 non-null  object 
 14  Food Contaminated Ingredient  2750 non-null   object 
 15  IFSAC Category                11705 non-null  object 
 16  Water Exposure                3106 non-null   object 
 17  Water Type                    2730 non-null   object 
 18  Animal Type                   587 non-null    object 
dtypes: float64(4), int64(3), object(12)
memory usage: 9.7+ MB

Get a Glimpse of the Data

The .head() attribute of a Pandas data frame can be used to view by default the first five rows of a data frame. This a good way to see what information the columns in a dataset contain. To view something other than the first five lines, just include a number within the () of .head. For instance, .head(10) will give the first 10 rows. Note that the first row is index with 0 because Python uses a zero-based index for arrays and data frames.

nors.head()

	Year	Month	State	Primary Mode	Etiology	Serotype or Genotype	Etiology Status	Setting	Illnesses	Hospitalizations	Info On Hospitalizations	Info On Deaths
0	2016	1	New Jersey	Food					47	0.0	47.0	47.0
1	2018	9	Massachusetts	Person-to-person	Norovirus		Suspected	Other	41	0.0	41.0	41.0
2	2023	1	Minnesota	Food	Norovirus Genogroup IX	GII.P15 GIX.1	Confirmed	Restaurant: Sit-down dining	23	0.0	23.0	23.0
3	2023	1	Massachusetts	Indeterminate/unknown	Norovirus		Suspected	Long-term care/nursing home/assisted living facility	7	0.0	0.0	0.0
4	2023	1	North Carolina	Person-to-person	Norovirus unknown		Confirmed	Long-term care/nursing home/assisted living facility	23	1.0	23.0	23.0

Sort Data

The nors data frame is not sorted. The .sort_values() attribute can be used to do this. Inside .sort_value(), the option by will be used to sort the NORS data by the variable(s) of choice. This example sorts by year , month, and state (note these variables are supplied as a Python list enclosed in []). The inplace option will be set to True so that the original table will be overwritten. Use .head() to view the first five lines of the sorted data frame.

Skill learned!

Sorting a dataset by variables.

nors.sort_values(by=["Year", "Month", "State"], inplace=True)

nors.head()

	Year	Month	State	Primary Mode	Etiology	Serotype or Genotype	Etiology Status	Setting	Illnesses	Hospitalizations	Info On Hospitalizations	Info On Deaths	Food Vehicle	Food Contaminated Ingredient	IFSAC Category	Water Exposure	Water Type	Animal Type
66693	1971	2	California	Water	Copper	nan	Confirmed	Restaurant	2	nan	nan	nan	nan	nan	nan	Drinking water	Community	nan
66694	1971	6	Alabama	Water	Selenium	nan	Confirmed	Unknown	3	nan	nan	nan	nan	nan	nan	Drinking water	Individual/Private	nan
66695	1971	6	Arkansas	Water	Hepatitis A	nan	Confirmed	Store	98	nan	nan	nan	nan	nan	nan	Drinking water	Other	nan
66696	1971	6	Missouri	Water	Unknown	nan	Suspected	Subdivision/Neighborhood	2	nan	nan	nan	nan	nan	nan	Drinking water	Community	nan
66697	1971	6	Oregon	Water	Unknown	nan	Suspected	Restaurant	200	nan	nan	nan	nan	nan	nan	Drinking water	Other	nan

What Years Are Included in the NORS Data?

The code below will be used to find out. First, subset the Years column in the NORS data and use .unique to get the unique years where illnesses were reported. This will be written to data frame using pandas.DataFrame and saved as nors_years_tracked. Then the columns attribute will be used to assign the column name NORS.years.tracked. The result shows that the data set during the time of download contains outbreaks reported from 1971 to 2023.

nors_years_tracked=pandas.DataFrame(nors["Year"].unique())
nors_years_tracked.columns=["NORS.years.tracked"]
nors_years_tracked

NORS data: years tracked

	NORS.years.tracked
0	1971
1	1972
2	1973
3	1974
4	1975
5	1976
6	1977
7	1978
8	1979
9	1980
10	1981
11	1982
12	1983
13	1984
14	1985
15	1986
16	1987
17	1988
18	1989
19	1990
20	1991
21	1992
22	1993
23	1994
24	1995
25	1996
26	1997
27	1998
28	1999
29	2000
30	2001
31	2002
32	2003
33	2004
34	2005
35	2006
36	2007
37	2008
38	2009
39	2010
40	2011
41	2012
42	2013
43	2014
44	2015
45	2016
46	2017
47	2018
48	2019
49	2020
50	2021
51	2022
52	2023

Which State(s) was Inflicted with the Most Illnesses?

To answer this question, it will be necessary to group the NORS data by State and then sum the number of illnesses, hospitalizations, or deaths caused by an outbreak. Below are the data frame attributes that will accomplish this.

The .groupby attribute can be used to group a dataset by variable. Include the variable(s) to group by in () and double quotes.
Following groupby, the [[]] method will be used to subset Illnesses column from the NORS data.
Next, the .sum(axis=0) is used to sum the illness incidences for each state.
The .sort_values attribute will be used to sort the Illnesses column in descending order (by setting ascending to False).
.rename will rename the column "Illnesses" to "Total.illnesses". Note that column name change is supplied to the columns argument in rename via a dictionary where the general syntax is {"Old.column.name" : "New.column.name}.
.reset_index() will provide the output as a data frame with the State and Illnesses columns and finally, .head(3) will just show the top three states in terms of total illnesses reported.

Skills learned!

Group by, sum, and sort by variable.

nors.groupby("State")[["Illnesses"]].sum() \
    .sort_values(by="Illnesses", ascending=False) \
    .reset_index().rename(columns={"Illnesses" : "Total.illnesses"}).head(3)

	State	Total.illnesses
0	Wisconsin	502652
1	Pennsylvania	120266
2	New York	107237

It appears that Wisconsin had the highest document cases of illnesses from environmental exposure. The code below took a deeper dive into the illnesses and etiology in the state of Wisconsin. Apparently, 403,000 were affected from the parasite Cryptosporidium parvum outbreak in 1993 in Milwaukee. See A massive outbreak in Milwaukee of cryptosporidium infection transmitted through the public water supply for details.

In the code below:

The state of Wisconsin is subsetted from the NORS data by using [] (bracket) notation.
nors[nors["State"]=="Wisconsin"] extracts information for Wisconsin.
Next, the Year, Month, State, Illnesses, and Etiology columns are extracted using [[]], which will present results in data frame format.
.sort_values will be used to sort illness number from highest to lowest.
The results will be saved as a data frame called wisconsin_illnesses.

Skills learned!

Subsetting and sorting by variable.

wisconsin_illnesses=nors[nors["State"]=="Wisconsin"][["Year", "Month", "State", "Illnesses", "Etiology"]] \
    .sort_values(by="Illnesses", ascending=False)

wisconsin_illnesses.head()

	Year	Month	State	Illnesses	Etiology
65820	1993	3	Wisconsin	403000	Cryptosporidium parvum
15122	2018	1	Wisconsin	1200	Norovirus
62279	2000	7	Wisconsin	736	Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
56479	2004	2	Wisconsin	380	Norovirus Genogroup I
50444	2009	3	Wisconsin	352	Norovirus Genogroup II

As a sanity check, sum the total illnesses reported each year to make sure 1993 was the highest. To do this:

Group wisconsin_illnesses by year.
Subset the Illnesses column using bracket notation.
Use .sum() to add up the illness cases fore each year.
In the result, use rename to change Illnesses to Total.illnesses.
Reset the data frame index and sort the total illnesses from highest to lowest.

Indeed, in 1993, there were over 403,000 illnesses reported in Wisconsin.

wisconsin_illnesses.groupby("Year")[["Illnesses"]].sum(). \
rename(columns={"Illnesses": "Total.illnesses"}).reset_index(). \
sort_values(by="Total.illnesses", ascending=False)

Wisconsin total illnesses by year

	Year	Total.illnesses
14	1993	403174
30	2011	8790
31	2012	7620
29	2010	7390
34	2015	7346
36	2017	7279
37	2018	6814
32	2013	6759
35	2016	6553
33	2014	6521
38	2019	5917
28	2009	5860
41	2022	4628
39	2020	3212
42	2023	2808
40	2021	1800
23	2004	1337
19	2000	1237
26	2007	967
25	2006	850
27	2008	783
21	2002	686
18	1999	655
20	2001	641
17	1998	641
22	2003	425
10	1988	354
24	2005	301
15	1995	219
9	1987	209
7	1985	150
5	1983	146
6	1984	120
12	1991	116
11	1990	89
4	1982	71
13	1992	51
8	1986	41
3	1981	25
16	1996	21
1	1979	17
0	1974	17
2	1980	12

What Caused the 1993 Wisconsin Cryptosporidium parvum Outbreak?

The results above indicates that in 1993, a Cyrptosporidium parvum outbreak occured in Wisconsin contributing to 403,000 illnesses. What caused the Cryptosporidium parvum outbreak (ie. what was the environmental exposure)? To do this, subset out the state of Wisconsin data from 1993 where the etiology is Cryptosporidium parvum using the code below. The results show that the Cryptosporidium outbreaks were water borne and illnesses occuring due to drinking water exposure caused all of the 50 deaths while those contracted from recreational water (ie. swimming pools) did not cause deaths.

Skill learned!

Subsetting

nors[(nors["State"]=="Wisconsin") & (nors["Year"]==1993) \
    & (nors["Etiology"]=='Cryptosporidium parvum')]

	Year	Month	State	Primary Mode	Etiology	Etiology Status	Setting	Illnesses	Hospitalizations	Deaths	Water Exposure	Water Type
65820	1993	3	Wisconsin	Water	Cryptosporidium parvum	Confirmed	Community/municipality	403000		50.0	Drinking water	Community
65823	1993	4	Wisconsin	Water	Cryptosporidium parvum	Confirmed	Hotel/motel	51	3.0	0.0	Recreational water -- treated	Pool - Other Swimming Pool
65835	1993	8	Wisconsin	Water	Cryptosporidium parvum	Confirmed	Community/municipality	5	0.0	0.0	Recreational water -- treated	Pool - Other Swimming Pool
65836	1993	8	Wisconsin	Water	Cryptosporidium parvum	Confirmed	Community/municipality	54	0.0	0.0	Recreational water -- treated	Pool - Other Swimming Pool
65837	1993	8	Wisconsin	Water	Cryptosporidium parvum	Confirmed	Hotel/motel	64	1.0	0.0	Recreational water -- treated	Pool - Other Swimming Pool

What is the Most Common Cause of Illness in Wisconsin?

To find the most common cause of illness in Wisconsin, the code below will be used.

Subset out the Etiology column from wisconsin_illnesses and keep only those that are not N/A by applying the .notnull() attribute. The results of this will be saved as wisconsin_etiology.
Use apply and the lambda function to split the cells with multiple etiologies that are separated by ';' (split will be used to separate each value) and then explode will write each etiology into its own row. The results will be saved as the data frame (using pandas.DataFrame) wisconsin_etiology_expanded.
Finally, group by etiology in wisconsin_etiology_expanded, count the occurences of each and sort from highest to lowest.

Skills learned!

Remove NA values from subsetted data frame column and applied a function to a data frame column.

wisconsin_etiology=wisconsin_illnesses[wisconsin_illnesses["Etiology"].notnull()]
wisconsin_etiology_expanded=pandas.DataFrame(wisconsin_etiology["Etiology"].apply(lambda x: x.split(';')).explode())
wisconsin_etiology_expanded

Wisconsin etiologies

Etiology
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Campylobacter unknown
Salmonella unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus other
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Cryptosporidium unknown
Giardia unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Pseudomonas unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Clostridium other
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Sapovirus
Sapovirus unknown
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup IX
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Adenovirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Other - Bacterium
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Pseudomonas unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Sapovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella enterica
Sapovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Streptococcus Group A
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup IV
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Shigella
Rotavirus
Norovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Legionella unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Pseudomonas unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium unknown
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Salmonella unknown
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium perfringens
Enterovirus Coxsackievirus A
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Unknown
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Giardia
Campylobacter jejuni
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium hominis
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella enterica
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Sapovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Legionella pneumophila
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Legionella pneumophila
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella enterica
Sapovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Staphylococcus aureus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Astrovirus
Salmonella unknown
Sapovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus
Norovirus
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium perfringens
Unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Giardia duodenalis
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Copper
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Pseudomonas unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Chlorine Gas
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Sapovirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Chlorine Gas
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Campylobacter unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Cryptosporidium unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Rotavirus
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Copper
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium hominis
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup I
Other - Bacterium
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Campylobacter coli
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Shigella unknown
Salmonella enterica
Campylobacter jejuni
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella pneumophila
Clostridium perfringens
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Chloramines
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Staphylococcus aureus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Cryptosporidium
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Astrovirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Clostridium difficile
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Scombroid toxin
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Adenovirus
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Chlorine Gas
Norovirus Genogroup II
Shigella sonnei
Phenol
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Campylobacter unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Shigella
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Staphylococcus aureus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Sapovirus unknown
Sapovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Sapovirus unknown
Sapovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Campylobacter unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Yersinia enterocolitica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Copper
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Sapovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Legionella unknown
Legionella pneumophila
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Cryptosporidium unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Legionella pneumophila
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Campylobacter coli
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Astrovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Sapovirus
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Legionella pneumophila
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Campylobacter jejuni
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Giardia duodenalis
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Yersinia unknown
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Other - Parasite
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Salmonella enterica
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic
Other - Bacterium
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Giardia duodenalis
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Unknown
Hepatitis A
Shigella flexneri
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Rotavirus
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Copper
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Giardia duodenalis
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Sapovirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Cryptosporidium unknown
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Escherichia coli, Enteroaggregative
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Pseudomonas unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Pseudomonas unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Sapovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium hominis
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Rotavirus
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus unknown
Chlorine Gas
Other - Chemical/Toxin
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Sapovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Escherichia coli, Enteroaggregative
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter coli
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Enteroaggregative
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Toxoplasma gondii
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Staphylococcus aureus
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup IX
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Giardia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Campylobacter jejuni
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Pseudomonas unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Staphylococcus aureus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Campylobacter jejuni
Campylobacter coli
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Giardia duodenalis
Plesiomonas shigelloides
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus unknown
Other - Chemical/Toxin
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus unknown
Legionella pneumophila
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic
Chlorine Gas
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Giardia unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Shigella sonnei
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Clostridium perfringens
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Sapovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Legionella pneumophila
Norovirus unknown
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Ciguatoxin
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Legionella pneumophila
Norovirus Genogroup II
Scombroid toxin
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Cyclospora
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Shigella sonnei
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus Genogroup I
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Clostridium perfringens
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Giardia duodenalis
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Sapovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus unknown
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Entamoeba coli
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Enteroaggregative
Copper
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Rotavirus
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Staphylococcus aureus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Pseudomonas unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Legionella unknown
Shigella sonnei
Shigella unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Chlorine Gas
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Campylobacter jejuni
Giardia unknown
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Clostridium perfringens
Bacillus cereus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Campylobacter jejuni
Rotavirus
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella unknown
Salmonella enterica
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Giardia duodenalis
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Cryptosporidium unknown
Salmonella enterica
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Shigella sonnei
Norovirus unknown
Giardia duodenalis
Cryptosporidium unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella enterica
Shigella sonnei
Bacillus cereus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Cryptosporidium unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Cryptosporidium unknown
Cryptosporidium
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Rotavirus
Norovirus Genogroup II
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Staphylococcus aureus
Salmonella enterica
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Histamine
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium perfringens
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Scombroid toxin
Legionella pneumophila
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Yersinia enterocolitica
Clostridium perfringens
Sapovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium unknown
Cryptosporidium unknown
Clostridium perfringens
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Clostridium perfringens
Cryptosporidium hominis
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Bacillus cereus
Norovirus unknown
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium unknown
Giardia duodenalis
Norovirus Genogroup II
Legionella pneumophila
Chlorine Gas
Legionella pneumophila
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium perfringens
Salmonella enterica
Cryptosporidium unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Salmonella enterica
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus unknown
Trichinella
Trichinella unknown
Cryptosporidium
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Legionella pneumophila
Cryptosporidium unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus unknown
Rotavirus
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Salmonella enterica
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Norovirus unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus unknown
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Legionella pneumophila
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Cryptosporidium hominis
Giardia unknown
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup II
Norovirus Genogroup I
Salmonella enterica
Norovirus Genogroup I
Norovirus Genogroup I
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella pneumophila
Salmonella enterica
Shigella flexneri
Cryptosporidium unknown
Campylobacter jejuni
Salmonella enterica
Legionella pneumophila
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup II
Campylobacter jejuni
Salmonella enterica
Scombroid toxin
Salmonella enterica
Legionella pneumophila
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Vibrio unknown
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella pneumophila
Clostridium perfringens
Cryptosporidium parvum
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella other
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella pneumophila
Norovirus Genogroup I
Cryptosporidium unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Legionella pneumophila
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella pneumophila
Cryptosporidium parvum
Cryptosporidium parvum
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Other - Bacterium
Legionella pneumophila
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium unknown
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella pneumophila
Campylobacter coli
Salmonella enterica
Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic
Cryptosporidium unknown
Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic
Cryptosporidium unknown
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Legionella pneumophila
Shigella sonnei
Other - Chemical/Toxin
Other - Bacterium
Other - Bacterium
Cryptosporidium unknown
Campylobacter jejuni
Legionella pneumophila
Chlorine
Chlorine Gas
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Cryptosporidium unknown
Cryptosporidium
Legionella unknown
Legionella pneumophila
Cryptosporidium hominis
Cryptosporidium unknown
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella pneumophila
Legionella pneumophila
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Chlorine Gas
Cryptosporidium parvum
Norovirus unknown
Cryptosporidium unknown
Cryptosporidium parvum
Salmonella enterica
Legionella pneumophila
Salmonella enterica
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Salmonella enterica
Legionella pneumophila
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Norovirus Genogroup I
Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing
Mycotoxins
Salmonella enterica

Now that each illness causing etiology is listed in its own row and stored in the data frame wisconsin_etiology_expanded just group by etiology, count, and sort from highest to lowest to determine which cause of illness appeared the most. Store the results in data frame wisconsin_etiology_ranked and it appears that Norovirus causes a lot of illnesses.

wisconsin_etiology_ranked=pandas.DataFrame(wisconsin_etiology_expanded.groupby("Etiology")[["Etiology"]].count(). \
rename(columns={"Etiology": "Counts"}).reset_index().\
sort_values(by="Counts", ascending=False))
wisconsin_etiology_ranked

Wisconsin etiologies: ranked by occurence

| Etiology | Counts | |:----------------------------------------|---------:| | Norovirus Genogroup II | 1429 | | Norovirus unknown | 920 | | Norovirus Genogroup I | 345 | | Salmonella enterica | 120 | | Clostridium perfringens | 71 | | Rotavirus | 65 | | Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing | 56 | | Clostridium difficile | 44 | | Cryptosporidium unknown | 43 | | Legionella pneumophila | 41 | | Campylobacter jejuni | 26 | | Cryptosporidium parvum | 23 | | Shigella sonnei | 21 | | Sapovirus unknown | 18 | | Sapovirus | 14 | | Unknown | 13 | | Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic | 13 | | Norovirus | 10 | | Chlorine Gas | 9 | | Giardia duodenalis | 9 | | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 8 | | Pseudomonas unknown | 8 | | Cyclospora cayetanensis | 7 | | Staphylococcus aureus | 7 | | Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic | 7 | | Other - Bacterium | 6 | | Cryptosporidium hominis | 6 | | Bacillus cereus | 6 | | Copper | 5 | | Campylobacter coli | 5 | | Escherichia coli, Enteroaggregative | 4 | | Giardia unknown | 4 | | Scombroid toxin | 4 | | Cryptosporidium | 4 | | Legionella unknown | 4 | | Campylobacter unknown | 4 | | Salmonella unknown | 4 | | Astrovirus | 3 | | Vibrio parahaemolyticus | 3 | | Other - Chemical/Toxin | 3 | | Shigella | 2 | | Adenovirus | 2 | | Shigella flexneri | 2 | | Norovirus Genogroup IX | 2 | | Shigella unknown | 2 | | Yersinia enterocolitica | 2 | | Giardia | 2 | | Streptococcus Group A | 1 | | Toxoplasma gondii | 1 | | Trichinella | 1 | | Trichinella unknown | 1 | | Vibrio unknown | 1 | | Mycotoxins | 1 | | Plesiomonas shigelloides | 1 | | Phenol | 1 | | Other - Parasite | 1 | | Norovirus other | 1 | | Norovirus Genogroup IV | 1 | | Legionella other | 1 | | Histamine | 1 | | Hepatitis A | 1 | | Enterovirus Coxsackievirus A | 1 | | Entamoeba coli | 1 | | Cyclospora | 1 | | Clostridium other | 1 | | Ciguatoxin | 1 | | Chlorine | 1 | | Chloramines | 1 | | Yersinia unknown | 1 |

While generating the above table with the occurences of each etiology in Wiscosin is useful, this result can be better interpreted using a visualization. Pandas is capable of plotting as well (see https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/user_guide/visualization.html.

The code below will generate a scatter plot of the etiology counts in the data frame wisconsin_etiology_ranked. In the code below:

plt.rcParams will be used to set the figure size in pixels (in this case it will 1280 by 720). plt is the alias form maptlotlib's pyplot module as imported earlier.
.plot.scatter will be used to make a scatter plot from wisconsin_etiology_ranked. The x-axis will contain the etiology and the y-axis will contain counts (i.e. number of occurences for each etiology).
plt.xticks is used to adjust the aesthetics of the x-axis including rotating the tick labels to 90 degrees (rotation) and changing the font size (size).
plt.ylabel is used to change the y-axis label to "Number of occurences".
plt.show() will display the plot.

plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (12.8, 7.2)
wisconsin_etiology_ranked.plot.scatter(x="Etiology", y="Counts")
plt.xticks(rotation=90, size=10)
plt.ylabel("Number of occurences")
plt.show()

Is There a Trend for Total Illnesses in Wisconsin over the Years?

This question can be best answered by counting the illness incidents by year in the state of Wisconsin and constructing a categorical or catplot using Seaborn. The catplot in this example is scatter plot with year treated as categorical variable on the x-values.

The total illness by year information in Wisconsin will be stored as a new data frame wisconsin_total_illness_by_year. Here, the data frame wisconsin_illnesses will be grouped by "Year" (using .groupby("Year")). Next, the "Illnesses" column is subsetted ([["Illnesses"]]). The rename(columns={"Illnesses" : "Total.illnesses"}) renames "Illnesses" to "Total.illnesses". The index is then reset via reset_index().

Skills learned!

Group by variable, perform mathematical operation, and create data visualization.

wisconsin_total_illness_by_year=wisconsin_illnesses.groupby("Year")[["Illnesses"]] \
.sum().rename(columns={"Illnesses" : "Total.illnesses"}).reset_index()

To visualize illness trends by the year Wisconsin, the catplot function of Seaborn will be called using seaborn.catplot and within parentheses, the following are provieded.

Data to plot (ie. wisconsin_total_illness_by_year)
X value (ie. "Year")
Y value log10 of the "Total.illnesses" (numpy's log10 function) for better visualization as the illness incidents from 1993 might skew the plot.

Next, Matplotlib will be used to adjust the following aesthetics of the plot.

plt.xticks(rotation=90,size=8) adjust the x axis tick labels to rotate to 90 degrees and shrinks the font size to 8.
plt.ylabel("Total Illnesses (log10)") changes the y axis label to ""Total Illnesses (log10)" to indicate that the results are on the log10 scale.
plt.show() to display the plot.

seaborn.catplot(wisconsin_total_illness_by_year, x="Year", \
                    y=numpy.log10(wisconsin_total_illness_by_year["Total.illnesses"]))
plt.xticks(rotation=90,size=8)
plt.ylabel("Total Illnesses (log10)")
plt.show()

Conclusion

This data exploration exercise revealed that Wisconsin had the highest number of reported illnesses in the NORS data. The main contributor is the 1993 Cryptosporidium parvum outbreak that caused over 400,000 illnesses. Despite this, Norovirus geno group II seems to be the most commonly occuring cause of illnesses in the state. Finally, perhaps due to technology that facilitated outbreak reporting, the number of illnesses reported over the years has increased.

Example Data

Download the NORS data and example Jupyter Notebook to try on your own.

Challenge Questions

Participants can test what they learn by trying the following challenge questions. Write the code used to answer the questions into the corresponding Slido poll.

Question 1: Explore hospitalizations and deaths in the state of Wisconsin. What are the etiologies responsible for driving up the hospitalization and deaths?

Use the passcode wyixig to enter question 1 response in Slido poll.

Question 2: Which state is ranked first in terms of the number of years in which it reported the most illnesses and what were the etiologies?

Use the passcode vbc0ov to enter question 2 response into Slido poll.

Question 3: The NORS data is reported for several decades. Is there a difference between etiologies reported in 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s, 2010s, and thus far in the 2020s throughout the country? If there is, why?

Use the passcode nfgxng to enter question 3 response into Slido poll.

Question 4: What is the most common cause of food borne illness?

Use the passcode hu3nho to enter question 4 response into Slido poll.

Question 5: Which animal is responsible for the most disease transmission to humans?

Use the passcode jsyyid to enter question 5 response into Slido poll.